This topic is about the correct way to use the crusting technique, which is a method to protect and heal irritated skin around a stoma. A caregiver is seeking advice on whether she is applying the technique correctly for her mother, who has peri-stomal irritation. Here’s a simple guide and some helpful tips:

1. The correct sequence for the crusting technique is as follows:
- Start with clean, dry skin.
- Apply a very light coating of stoma powder.
- Gently tap or blow off any excess powder.
- Lightly dab a barrier or skin-prep wipe over the powder.
- Allow each layer to dry completely before moving to the next.
- Repeat this process up to three times, finishing with the barrier wipe, and then apply the wafer or pouch.

2. Remember, "less is more" when it comes to the powder. Too much can prevent the wafer from sticking properly, so aim for the thinnest possible dusting.

3. The crusting method is only necessary when there is irritation. If the skin is healthy, you can skip this step.

4. Tips for using a barrier ring:
- Ensure the skin is completely dry before placing the ring. You can use gauze or a hair-dryer to help with this.
- Most people find a better seal by applying the ring directly to the skin, though some prefer attaching it to the wafer first.
- Warming the ring with your hands or a hair-dryer can make it more pliable and improve the seal.

5. For appliance changes that help keep the skin healthy:
- The typical wear time for an ileostomy is 2–3 days. Changing at this interval can help reduce irritation.
- Allow the skin to air out for 5–20 minutes when output is quiet before applying new equipment.
- Showering without the pouch during changes and drying thoroughly can lead to better outcomes.

6. Alternatives and complementary products and practices:
- Consider using a Hollister one-piece drainable bag with a CeraRing barrier ring.
- ConvaTec moldable wafers are available in different sizes.
- Mecuracrome can be dabbed on sore spots, though it should be used sparingly.
- Use warm water and soft wipes for cleaning if crusting is not needed.
- After showering, use a folded sheet of toilet paper over damp skin and the stoma to keep clean while preparing supplies.

7. A tiny dot of blood when removing the wafer or ring is commonly reported and usually not a cause for concern.