This topic explores the challenges surgeons face when unexpected findings arise during surgery, particularly when dealing with complex conditions like adhesions and fistulas. It raises the question of why surgeons don't use 3-D-printed models from CT or MRI scans to better prepare for such surprises. Here are some insights and advice shared by others:

1. Many people have experienced situations where imaging suggested one surgical plan, but once the surgery began, the findings required a different approach. For example, a planned colostomy might turn into an ileostomy because of unexpected complications.

2. Adhesions and external scar tissue often don't appear on CT or MRI scans. These imaging techniques are better at showing the inside of the bowel and its wall thickness, rather than the outer surfaces where adhesions typically form.

3. Having had previous open surgeries or laparoscopic procedures can increase the likelihood of adhesion formation, which further limits what imaging can reveal.

4. Surgeons often advise patients that the surgical plan might change once they begin the operation. While these changes can be surprising, they can also lead to better pain relief and overall outcomes.